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- RULES OF THUMB
- NETWARE LINK/X.25
-
- Link/X.25 is part of the NetWare Link family of internetworking products.
- The Link product family provides transparent and reliable LAN-to-LAN
- connectivity for NetWare networks using asynchronous, X.25 and high-speed
- synchronous communications lines. Each product takes maximum advantage of
- the reliability, security, performance and routing features of the NetWare
- operating system. Link/X.25 is Novell's multi-point member of the Link
- family which connects multiple NetWare LANs through a private or Public
- Data Network (PDN). To aid you in configuring Link/X.25 for optimal
- performance, reliability and ease of use, we asked our engineers to
- recommend components for the router installation. We have also included
- some helpful general information regarding LAN-to-LAN links in a wide area
- networking environment. Here is what the experts have to say:
-
- WIDE AREA NETWORK CONFIGURATIONS
- The optimal LAN-to-LAN configuration is a blend of products that best serve
- the economic and performance requirements of the organization. Many
- organizations will require a combination of several NetWare Link products
- to meet specific needs. Studies show that users typically need to perform
- a number of activities over the internetwork, including:
-
- FILE TRANSFER - Uploading and downloading files, for example, between
- branch offices.
-
- ELECTRONIC MAIL - An increasingly used tool for communications in large,
- geographically distributed organizations.
-
- HOST ACCESS - Most large organizations need to be able to provide users
- with access to key applications on mini or mainframe based systems.
-
- DIRECT FILE ACCESS - Real-time manipulation of data on a remote
- workstation, file server or mainframe; for example, accessing a centrally
- maintained database.
-
- NETWORK MANAGEMENT - The ability to monitor the activity of separate local
- area networks and to distribute software and other LAN utilities from a
- centralized location.
-
- NETWARE LINK PERFORMANCE CONSIDERATIONS
- Each type of data access across the link must be analyzed carefully to
- determine the numbers of users transferring data and/or accessing files, as
- well as the number of links that must be crossed in order to get the data.
- These issues must also be weighed against performance requirements and cost
- considerations. These topics are discussed in the Novell report,
- Internetworking Your NetWare LANs (479-000046-002), available from your
- NetWare reseller, Novell sales office, or by calling the Product
- Information Center for Communication Products (800-221-6402 x4410).
-
- GENERAL NETWARE LINK REQUIREMENTS
- Link products require a number of separate components for establishing the
- LAN-to-LAN link, including the router software, communication adapter, data
- communications equipment (such as modems, CSU/DSUs, or data switches) and
- the telecommunications service (such as a standard phone line, X.25 line or
- leased line). The correct evaluation of user needs and selection of the
- above components is necessary for cost-effective and optimal data
- communications.
-
- Customers purchasing NetWare Link products should work closely with the
- telecommunications and/or MIS personnel to identify the types of services
- already available in the organization to determine if new services or
- devices are required.
-
- THE LINK/X.25 ROUTER
- As a general rule of thumb, NetWare Link/X.25 is ideal for organizations
- with existing connections to X.25 private or public data networks, or where
- X.25 is needed for international access. Electronic mail, host access,
- centralized network management and occasional file transfer applications
- work well over Link/X.25. Intensive applications that require availability
- of high data bandwidth, such as direct file access (including all database
- applications) and large file transfers, will require faster wide area
- network connections such as T1.
-
- The X.25 protocol overhead used by Link/X.25 and the delay introduced by
- the PDN can slow response time. At any given data rate, a point-to-point
- connection such as Link/64 or Link/T1 provide higher throughput.
-
- SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION
- > External Router Only
- Link/X.25 operates as a real mode NetWare external router, so you will need
- a workstation separate from the NetWare file server to act as the router
- PC. The router attaches to either a CSU/DSU or full-duplex synchronous
- modem, which in turn connects to the X.25 line.
-
- > Nondedicated or Dedicated Router?
- While there are good reasons to run a non-dedicated router (one that
- combines the router with a regular user workstation), we do not recommend
- this configuration. If, for any reason, the user should reboot the system
- or hang the system while running a particular DOS application, all of the
- users dependent upon the link could lose important information and hours of
- productivity. Used properly, however, a non-dedicated router can be useful
- for running network management programs, such as the ECSTATUS program
- provided with Link/X.25, which provides information on router status.
-
- Recommendation: If running the router as a non-dedicated router, leave
- it in 'console' mode except when running a network management application.
-
- > NetWare Version
- Link/X.25 works with NetWare version 2.10 and higher. Note that a router
- created from one version of NetWare 2.10 or higher (including NetWare 386)
- can accommodate SPX/IPX packets from any other router running NetWare v2.0a
- and above, including NetWare 386 v3.x. However, print services may be
- disrupted if you mix NetWare v2.0a with later releases of NetWare.
-
- > DOS Version
- Link/X.25 is designed to use PC-DOS 3.x.
-
- > NetWare Link Compatibility
- Link/X.25 can coexist in the same router machine with Link/64 and Link/T1
- but not with NetWare Link/Async or another Link/X.25 router. Of course,
- all NetWare Link products can coexist on the same network or internetwork.
-
- > Optimal X.25 Configuration Parameters
- Link/X.25 can accommodate packet sizes from 128 to 1,024. We recommend a
- packet size of 1,024 for optimal performance. Setting a window size of 7
- is also recommended. These parameters may be defined by the PDN upon
- subscription.
-
- APPLICATION NOTES
- > Accessing IBM SNA Mainframes
- With a NetWare SNA Gateway installed on your central LAN, NetWare users can
- run the NetWare 3270 LAN Workstation software on remote LANs to access
- their SNA host across the X.25 links. This eliminates the need for QLLC or
- NPSI (IBM Network Packet-Switching Interface) software.
-
- > Macintosh Connections
- NetWare for Macintosh will only work at speeds of 19.2 kbit/s or faster.
- AppleTalk timeouts may occur if WAN delays are encountered going through
- multiple packet switches. The NetWare router (previously known as a
- bridge) routes only SPX/IPX packets. Therefore, a NetWare for Macintosh
- Service Protocol Gateway must be installed at the same site as the
- Macintosh workstations to convert AppleTalk protocols to SPX/IPX before
- crossing the router. The NetWare for Macintosh value-added processes
- (VAPs) run in protected mode and Link/X.25 runs in real mode, so the VAPs
- need to be installed in another external router or file server in order to
- operate correctly.
-
- > NetBIOS Support
- Link/X.25 does not support NetBIOS emulation packets. NetBIOS is only
- suited to bridging and routing over high-speed network links such as those
- supported by Link/T1. With Link X.25, timeouts occur when transferring
- NetBIOS packets.
-
- > NetWare Care
- NetWare Care allows a network manager to view the network status for the
- local LAN. It does not view sessions across the Link/X.25 router. NetWare
- Care only recognizes the local router. At this writing, NetWare Care must
- be used only with NetWare 2.1x-based file servers.
-
- HARDWARE CONFIGURATION
- For the router PC hardware, we recommend you select from one of the tested
- machines listed in this booklet. A fast processor is needed for optimal
- performance and we recommend at least an AT-compatible 286-based machine.
-
- MEMORY
- Link/X.25 needs at least 512K RAM in the router PC. Link/X.25 will also
- work in extended memory, protected mode.
-
- > LAN Adapters
- The Link/X.25 router also requires a LAN adapter to connect the router to
- the network. A list of tested adapters for Link/X.25 is included in this
- document.
- NOTE: In a 386-based PC, some 'dumb' LAN adapters actually perform faster
- than 'smart' LAN adapters that have on-board processors and memory.
-
- > WAN Adapter
- You will also need a Novell X.25 Adapter for PC or a Novell X.25 Adapter
- for PS/2 to provide the connection to the X.25 communications line.
-
- WAN CONNECTION
- > Physical Connection
- A CSU/DSU or full duplex synchronous modem is required at each router
- location. We have listed only the modems tested and certified in our
- Novell laboratories. Note that if the CSU/DSU is equipped with a V.35
- interface, an RS-232 to V.35 interface converter is also needed.
-
- PDN CERTIFICATION
- NetWare Link/X.25 has been tested or certified with the following PDNs.
- NORTH AMERICA
- Canada (Telecom) Datapac
- Canada (CN/CP) Infoswitch
- Mexico Telepac
- United States Accunet
- United States Infonet
- United States SpiritNet (Telenet)
- United States Tymnet
- United States CompuServe
-
- EUROPE
- Austria Radaus Data
- Belgium DCS
- Bahamas BATELCO
- Denmark Datapak
- Finland Datapak
- Finland Digipak
- France Transpac
- Germany Datex-P
- Italy ITAPAC
- Luxembourg Luxpak
- Netherlands Datanet-1
- Norway Datapak
- Portugal Telepac
- Spain Iberpac
- Sweden Datapak
- Switzerland Telepac
- United Kingdom PSS
-
- EURASIA
- Australia Austpac
- Hong Kong Datapak
- Hong Kong Intelpak
- Japan (NTT) DDX-P
- Singapore Telepac
-
-
- RECOMMENDED HARDWARE ENVIRONMENTS
- Personal Computers LAN Adapters Modems
- Routers Router LAN Adapters
- Novell AT 286 (10 MHz) Novell NE/2 Ethernet (MCA) UDS 2425
- Novell 386 (16 MHz) Novell NE1000 Ethernet UDS 224 AT/O
- Zenith 386 (20 MHz) Novell NE2000 Ethernet*
- IBM PS/2 55 SX (16 MHz) Novell RX-NET Arcnet
- IBM PS/2 80 (16 MHz) 3COM 3C505 Ethernet
- Compaq Deskpro 386/S (16 MHz) 3COM 3C523 Ethernet (MCA)
- Compaq 386/25 IBM Token-Ring 4**
- IBM Token-Ring 16/4** Standard Micro RX-NET
-
- * These are 16-bit adapter cards and are recommended for optimal NetWare
- Link/X.25 performance.
-
- ** Must use IBM LAN Support Program.
-
- ORDERING INFORMATION
- NetWare Link/X.25 883-000896-001
- Novell X.25 Adapter for PC 905-301928-001
- Novell X.25 Extended Adapter 905-302013-001
- Novell X.25 Adapter for PS/2 905-301929-001
-
- Novell, Inc., 1990122 East 1700 South Provo, UT 846061